This study addresses the issue of political stability as one of the fundamental pillars for ensuring the effectiveness of the political system. It also addresses the multiple indicators of this stability, including the extent of institutional cohesion and government effectiveness, the continuity of public policies, the level of civil peace, and the absence of political violence. This stability is influenced by a number of factors, most notably the economic situation, the state's position in the regional and international system, and the presence of institutions capable of absorbing crises. In the Libyan case, the challenges are complex as a result of the profound changes the country has witnessed since 2011, which led to a political vacuum and an escalating struggle for power. Regional and international interventions have also contributed to fueling conflicts. This study reveals that achieving political stability in Libya requires a radical approach to the causes of the crisis and the construction of a new social contract based on consensus, justice, and a balanced distribution of power and wealth. Keywords: Political stability indicators, factors affecting political stability, crises.