The ABO and Rh blood types are crucial to transfusion counselling, anthropology, and population genetics. They reveal significant differences in blood types, which can consequence the mother's health and the outcome of the pregnancy. There is no information available on the blood types among pregnant Libyan women. The project goals of this study are to gain a deeper understanding of population genetics awareness in the eastern part of the Libyan country by examining the relationship between the ABO and Rh blood types and the sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women in Derna city and its suburbs, with the aim of enhancing population genetics awareness. Research methodology was conducted on 5012 pregnant women who were hospitalised on the obstetric ward of Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital. The blood collected in EDTA tubes is used to determine the ABO and Rh group phenotypes using the erythrocyte cell-slide technique. Moreover, sociodemographic information was examined from medical records to determine if there were any correlations with the distribution of blood groups. The SPSS program is used to analyse data. The finding explains an association between ABO phenotypes and some demographic factors, including residence. There were significant differences in the ethnic composition among cities and various suburbs, with O+ being the most prevalent in Derna city and Ain Mara countryside. However, particular areas had more A+ in Al Qubba city and unique fingerprints of the Qayqab rural area B+ groups than others. Other rural areas also have an ABO fingerprint structure that differs from that of other areas. significant association between blood groups and maternal age (p = 0.043) and gestational age (p = 0.045). Additionally, no association with parity, gravida, or abortion. The conclusion of the ABO fingerprints of this study is as follows: O+>A+>B+>AB+>O->A->B->AB-; The prevalence of O+ among population studies and slightly increased Rh-negative rates align with regional genetic patterns, highlighting the importance of personalized management plans. By revealing the distribution of blood types among demographic factors, we can establish a benchmark for managing the national healthcare sector, improve the humanization of blood bank resources and antenatal care, and contribute to anthropological studies in Libya................ Keywords:........... ABO, Rh, social-demographic factors, abortion, and gestational age.