Quality Management Systems (QMS) play a crucial role in enhancing organizational performance, product quality, and competitiveness within the manufacturing sector. In developing economies such as Libya, the effective implementation of QMS remains a significant challenge due to structural, managerial, and environmental constraints. This study investigates the extent of quality management systems implementation in Libyan manufacturing companies (LMCs) and identifies the key factors influencing their implementation. A mixed-methods research approach was adopted, combining structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with managers and quality professionals across selected manufacturing firms. The findings reveal that while there is growing awareness of QMS principles—particularly ISO 9001 standards—the level of practical implementation remains moderate to low. Major barriers include limited top management commitment, inadequate employee training, weak quality culture, and lack of awareness about QMS. The study contributes empirical evidence on QMS practices in the Libyan manufacturing context and provides barriers and key success factors for policymakers and industry leaders to strengthen quality management implementation and sustainability............... Keywords: ...............Quality management systems, Libyan manufacturing sector, Barriers, success factors.