This study investigated the impact of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), window glazing type (clear, gray, and reflective), wall construction material (lightweight concrete block, limestone brick, red brick, conventional brick, and lightweight sand brick), and wall orientation (east-facing and south-facing) on the cooling load of a room wall located in Derna, a coastal city on the Mediterranean Sea. The influence of other walls and the roof was neglected in order to isolate the thermal performance of the studied wall. Simulations were conducted using the HAP software package. The results revealed a general positive correlation between increasing WWR and cooling load, although the magnitude of this effect varied according to wall type, glazing type, and orientation. In most cases, the east-facing wall exhibited higher cooling loads than the south-facing wall due to its greater exposure to direct solar radiation. Among the investigated wall materials, limestone brick demonstrated the lowest cooling load values, whereas concrete block and conventional brick walls recorded the highest values. The findings also indicated that the influence of glazing type was relatively limited for the east-facing orientation primarily due to the similarity in thermal transmittance characteristics among the glazing options. In contrast, the effect of glazing type became more pronounced for the south-facing orientation, particularly at higher WWR values. The study underscores the importance of optimizing the combined effects of wall material, glazing type, WWR, and wall orientation to minimize cooling loads and reduce building energy consumption in hot climates. The outcomes of this research provide HVAC engineers and architectural designers with valuable guidance for selecting the optimal wall configuration and orientation to achieve lower cooling loads, improved indoor thermal comfort, and enhanced building sustainability............... Keywords: ...............Window-to-wall ratio, wall type, glass type, cooling load, wall orientation, energy consumption.